[TOEFL-Listening] 3주차 - Actual Test 2

 

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< p176 ~ p177>

 

[LC summary Act.2 1-5]

 

	p176	Actual Test2[1-5] Vocab List
1	financial aid	학비지원
2	federal	연방의
3	grant	보조금
4	reimbursement	상환
5	living expense	생활비
6	alumni	졸업생들
7	alumni donation	졸업생 기부금
8	cap	한계, (액수의) 한도
9	merit-based	성적[성과]에 근거를 둔
10	remainder	나머지
11	work-study	근로 장학
12	take out	(대출을) 받다
13	interest rates	이자율
14	alternative	대안
15	eligible	~을 가질(할) 수 있는

 

 

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< p178 ~ p179>

 

[LC summary Act.2 6-11]

 

In this lecture, the professor explain how semiconductor switch can solve supplying power problem such as blackouts. The loop flow is the most common cause of widwspread blackouts like power outages. It moves through all of the calbes and wires connecting the generator and consumer's house in  a network. So, if there a network and generator have supplying power problems, consumer would have same problem. At that time, the semiconductor switch came to solve these problems. It can switch "block mode" to "conduct mode" to connect to a bakup source instantaneously. In other words, it can instantly redirect the electricity to flow along the shortest route without interrupting the flow of electrical current.

 

	p178~179	Actual Test2[6-11] Vocab List
1	conductor	전도체
2	semiconductor	반도체
3	substation	변전소
4	backup power	대체 전력
5	insulator	절연체[단열/방음] 처리용 자재[장치]
6	instantaneously	순간적으로, 즉석으로, 동시에
7	generating capacity	출력
8	grid	송전선, 송전망(전력)
9	uninterrupted	중단[차단]되지 않는, 연속된
10	aside from	특히, 그것보다도, 그거 외에도
11	likelihood	(어떤 일이 있을) 가능성
12	power outage	정전
13	widespread	널리 퍼진
14	resistance	저항
15	fluctuate	변동[등락]을 거듭하다
16	exceed	(특정한 수, 양을) 넘다[초과하다/초월하다]
17	overburdened	과중한 부담을 주다

 

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< p180 ~ p181>

 

[LC summary Act.2 12-16]

 

 

 

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< p182 ~ p183>

 

[LC summary Act.2 17-22]

 

In this lecture, the professor explained three factors of Mayans' prosperity. First, they had access to abundant natural resources. There were fertile lands, mild climate, usefule minerals which were used in luxury items such as jewelry, ornaments, wapons. Second, the mayans did economic interactions among themselves. They traded basic necessities salt, cotton, as well as high value minerals like obsidian. Third, there is the system of tribute, tax collection used by the Mayans. After battles for resources and trade routes between cities each other, the victorious cities collected tribute like payment, collecting taxes from conquered ones. This system gave the mayans the wealth, which could get ability to support a large population and to allow investment in new technologies. Specially, it was the growth of a Mayan middle class who could experience lives of relative luxury. It is similar to the most prosperous nation, United states.  

 

	p182~183	Actual Test2[17-22] Vocab List
1	anthropology	인류학
2	Mayan	마야 사람
3	prosperity	번영, 번성
4	fertile	비옥한, 기름진, 풍부한
5	ornament	장식품
6	jade	옥, 비취
7	turquoise	터키석, 터키옥
8	mineral	광물(질)
9	essential	필수적인; 극히 중요한
10	surplus	과잉의, 남아도는
11	obsidian	흑요석[암]
12	Zapotec	사포텍족(의 사람): 멕시코 Oaxaca 주에 사는 아메리칸 인디언
13	tribute	공물(특히 과거 속국이 종주국에 바치던 것)
14	stability	안정, 안정성[감]
15	nobility	(집합적으로) 귀족
16	governance	통치, 관리; 통치[관리] 방식
17	prosperous	번영한, 번창한